Social Studies Essentials in an Era of Doubt.

An analysis of factors contributing to socio-civic deterioration suggests a framework for emphasis in social studies instruction that teachers may use to take a positive step toward the improvement and maintenance of civilized society. These factors include social rigidity rather than change; overreach and overexpansion leading to exhaustion of people and resources; national security as an excuse for self-interest and greed; personal alienation and loss of common loyalties; and erosion of moral values. A liberating education addressing these factors and centering in social studies, but characterizing an entire school, should include: (1) training in learning how to learn; (2) content devoted to human and self-understanding; (3) involvement of students in cultural and social goals; (4) population education; (5) environmental education; (6) peace education; (7) familiarity and involvement in political and social action; (8) an interdisciplinary approach; (9) future studies; and (10) a global orientation. Effecting such a curriculum requires that teachers replace old frameworks and rely on a constructive approach. (JH)