A comparison of essential oil components of plants and calli grown in vivo and in vitro conditions of bible hyssop (Origanum syriacum L. var. bevanii (Holmes) Ietswaart)

This research was carried out to determine and compare the essential oil components of regenerated plants and calli grown under in vitro conditions with in vivo plants of Origanum syriacum var. bevanii taxon used as donor. The essential oil components of the donor plants grown with cuttings taken from the native environment and regenerant plants and calli grown from the various explants in vitro supplemented with different concentrations of the plant growth regulators were determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). In result of the research, it was determined that the essential oil components of donor and regenerant plants and calli were quite different from each other. It was determined that was Carbamic Acid (26.49%) and Carvacrol (19.67%) in essential oil from the regenerant plants while was Carvacrol (36.28%) and ortho-Cymene (19.76%) in essential oil from the donor plants as major components. It was determined that was 64.82% Ethanol, 57.23% 1,2-Propanediol, 55.11% L(+)-Lactic acid, 53.53% Methyltartronic acid, 52.16% 4-Penten-2-ol ve 38.47% 2-Methoxycinnamic acid in essential oil from the callus as major components disparately. 2-Methoxycinnamic acid, which is one of the initial components in the formation of simple phenolic compounds, was found at the highest rate (38.4%) in the callus developed from the stem node explant, compared to the other callus developed from the leaf explant, and constitutes the main component. Therefore, according to the results of the analysis, it was determined that the callus developed from the stem node explant gave promising results in the formation of secondary metabolites.