Headspace of soap with the addition of essential oils : diploma thesis

Eterična ulja su iznimno cijenjene prirodne tvari poznate još od davnina. Tijekom godina i promjenom stila života ljudi su sve više napustili upotrebu ljekovitog bilja i zaboravili blagodati eteričnih ulja. Interes se ponovno pojavio u 19. stoljeću kada je otkrivena aromaterapija. Danas se ljudi sve više okreću prirodnim proizvodima poznatog porijekla i sastava, čime je porasla i zainteresiranost za kućne radionice izrade sapuna. U radu je opisan postupak kućne radionice izrade sapuna s bazom od maslinovog i kokosovog ulja, te uz dodatak tri vrste eteričnih ulja: eteričnog ulja lavande, eteričnog ulja ružmarina i eteričnog ulja naranče. Navedeni sapuni, kao i sama eterična ulja podvrgnuti su organskoj analizi na Kemijsko-tehnološkom fakultetu u Splitu u cilju ispitivanja mirisne kvalitete samih proizvoda. Izolacija vršnih para sapuna provedena je metodom mikroekstrakcije vršnih para na krutoj fazi (HS-SPME), a sama analiza isparljivih spojeva provedena je vezanim sustavom plinska kromatografija sa spektrometrijom masa (GC-MS). Analizirani su i uspoređivani kemijski sastavi vršnih para samih eteričnih ulja, baznog sapuna, te sapuna s dodatkom eteričnog ulja lavande, ružmarina i naranče. Essential oils are highly valued natural substances that are known since ancient times. Over the years and with the change of lifestyle, people have increasingly abandoned the use of medicinal herbs and forgotten the benefits of essential oils. Interest again appeared in the 19 th century when aromatherapy was discovered. Today, people have been increasingly turning to the natural products of known origin and composition, which has increased the interest in home soap making workshops. Diploma thesis describes the procedure of a home workshop for making soap with a base made from olive and coconut oil, and with the addition of three types of essential oils: lavender essential oil, rosemary essential oil and orange essential oil. These soaps, as well as the essential oils themselves, were subjected to organic analysis at the Faculty of Chemistry and Technology Split in order to analyse the smell quality of the products. The isolation of soap headspace was performed by the headspace solid phase microextraction (HS-SPME), and the analysis of volatile compounds was performed by the coupled gas chromatography system with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The headspace chemical composition of the essential oils themselves, base soap, and soaps with the addition of lavender, rosemary and orange essential oils were analyzed and compared.