Essential Oil Composition, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Salvia staminea

Volatile constituents of the essential oil which was obtained by hydrodistillation (HD) in a Clevenger-type apparatus from the air-dried Salvia staminea Montbret & Aucher ex Bentham (Lamiaceae) collected from Bayburt (North East Part of Black Sea Reagan of Turkey), were analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. Additionally, volatiles for the whole part of S. staminea were analyzed by two different methods which are headspace (HS)-GC-FID/MS and headspace solid-phase micro extraction (HS-SPME)-GC-FID/MS. As results of this study, thirty compounds from hydrodistillation, fifteen constituents from HS-SPME and two components from headspace of S. staminea were identified with GC-FID/MS. The major compounds identified in the essential oil, SPME and HS of S. staminea were linalyl acetate (23.30%, 85.07%, and 87.55%) and linalool (22.05%, 9.02%, and 12.44%), respectively. The antimicrobial activities of the essential oil of S. staminea were screened against seven microorganisms (Escherichia coli, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes , and Candida albican ) and showed good antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria which is consistent with the literature with the other types of Salvia species. The essential oil of S. staminea showed good antioxidant activity with IC 50 60.4 µg/mL.