The BH3-only protein Puma plays an essential role in cytokine deprivation–induced apoptosis of mast cells

Mast cells play critical roles in the regulation of inflammation. One characteristic feature of mast cells is their relatively long lifespan in vivo. Members of the Bcl-2 protein family are regulators of cell survival and apoptosis, where the BH3-only proteins are critical proapoptotic proteins. In this study we investigated the role of the BH3-only proteins Noxa, Bad, Bim, Bmf, Bid, and Puma in apoptosis of mucosal-like mast cells (MLMCs) and connective tissue–like mast cells (CTLMCs). We demonstrate that Puma is critical for the induction of mast-cell death following cytokine deprivation and treatment with the DNA-damaging agent etoposide in MLMCs and CTLMCs. Using p53−/− mast cells, we found that cytokine deprivation–induced apoptosis, in contrast to that elicited by etoposide, is p53-independent. Interestingly, mast cells deficient in FOXO3a, previously proposed as a transcription factor for Puma induction in response to growth factor deprivation, were markedly resistant to cytokine withdrawal compared with wild-type cells. Moreover, overexpression of phosphorylation-deficient, constitutively active FOXO3a caused an up-regulation of Puma. In conclusion, our data demonstrate a pivotal role for Puma in the regulation of cytokine deprivation–induced mast-cell apoptosis and suggest a plausible role for Puma in the regulation of mast cell numbers in vivo.