Essential oils of Bursera morelensis and Lippia graveolens for the development of a new biopesticides in postharvest control

Fruit and vegetable crops that are not consumed immediately, unlike other agricultural products, require economic and time investments until they reach the final consumers. Synthetic agrochemicals are used to maintain and prolong the storage life of crops and avoid losses caused by phytopathogenic microorganisms. However, the excessive use of synthetic agrochemicals creates health problems and contributes to environmental pollution. To avoid these problems, less toxic and environment-friendly alternatives are sought. One of these alternatives is the application of biopesticides. However, few biopesticides are currently used. In this study, the biopesticide activity of Bursera morelensis and Lippia graveolens essential oils was evaluated. Their antifungal activity has been verified in an in vitro model, and chemical composition has been determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Their antifungal activity was corroborated in vitro, and their activity as biopesticides was subsequently evaluated in a plant model. In addition, the persistence of these essential oils on the surface of the plant model was determined. Results suggest that both essential oils are promising candidates for producing biopesticides. This is the first study showing that B. morelensis and L. graveolens essential oils work by inhibiting mycelial growth and spore germination and are environment-friendly biopesticides.