Chemical composition and antifungal activity of Zanthoxylum riedelianum stem bark essential oil

The phytopathogenic fungi Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Rhizopus stolonifer infect different crop plants. Essential oils have been used as an alternative to chemical control methods. Therefore, the objective of this study was to analyze the essential oil chemical composition of the stem bark of Zanthoxylum riedelianum (ZREO) and evaluate its antifungal potential. The ZREO obtained by hydrodistillation was analyzed using gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry and evaluated for in vitro antifungal activity. The major components identified in the chemical analysis were E-nerolidol (67.21%), α-selinene (14.94%), and β-selinene (7.41%). The antifungal potential of ZREO against S. sclerotiorum and R. stolonifer was detected at all concentrations evaluated in a dose-dependent manner. The best results were against R. stolonifer, with the concentration of 150 µLmL−1 inhibiting more than 80% of mycelial growth. On the basis of the current knowledge, this study describes for the first time the chemical composition and their antifungal activity.