Blumea oxyodonta DC. (Asteraceae) is a diffuse herb that grows up to 30 cm long. Many stems branch out from the base; they are spreading, procumbent, or ascending, villous white, with long glandular hairs. The leaves are radical and clustered at the base, densely silky white, and have glandular hairs on both surfaces. B. oxyodonta is grown as a weed near moist places of the Ghats and distributed throughout India, Myanmar, Pakistan, Indochina, China, Vietnam, and the Philippines [[
Sixty-one compounds were characterized and identified according to their mass spectra and their relative retention indices determined on a nonpolar stationary phase capillary column, comprising 98.8% of the total oil constituents. The identified compounds are listed in Table 1 in elution order from the BP-1 column, along with the percentage composition of each component and its RI. The main constituents were identified as β-caryophyllene (23.5%), 2,5-dimethoxy-p-cymene (14.7%), and germacrene D (13.2%). The other minor constituents were 1-epi-cubenol (6.8%), guai-3,10(
Composition of Essential Oil from Blumea oxyodonta, %
Compound RI % Compound RI % α-Thujene 913 1.1 Methyl salicylate 1156 Tr. α-Pinene 918 0.7 γ-Terpineol 1161 0.3 β-Pinene 949 0.2 Verbenone 1175 0.2 Dehydro-1,8-cineole 957 0.1 trans-Pulegol 1184 Tr. (3Z)-Hexenyl acetate 965 Tr. β-Cyclocitral 1190 Tr. α-Phellandrene 972 0.5 Cuminaldehyde 1207 Tr. δ-3-Carene 980 Tr. Carvacrol methyl ether 1216 Tr. α-Terpinene 984 0.4 Carvotanacetone 1219 0.5 o-Cymene 986 0.3 (E),(E)-2,4-Decadienol 1306 0.3 1,8-Cineole 994 0.7 6,7-Dimethyl-1,2,3,5,8,8a-hexahydronapththalene 1328 Tr. (Z)-β-Ocimene 1002 0.2 Eugenol 1352 0.4 (E)-β-Ocimene 1013 0.1 α-Cubebene 1374 0.2 γ-Terpinene 1024 0.2 (Z)-β-Damascenone 1392 0.4 n-Octanol 1032 Tr. α-Copaene 1405 1.2 Methyl benzoate 1044 Tr. β-Bourbonene 1413 0.2 m-Cymene 1049 Tr. β-Cubebene 1419 0.1 Terpinolene 1055 0.3 (E)-β-Damascone 1429 0.5 Dehydrosabinaketone 1064 3.6 2,5-Dimethoxy-p-cymene 1444 14.7 Chrysanthenone 1078 0.4 β-Caryophyllene 1454 23.5 Borneol 1133 0.5 α-trans-Bergamotene 1476 0.3 α-Humulene 1491 3.7 1-epi-Cubenol 1679 6.8 (E)-β-Farnesene 1499 0.1 epi-α-Cadinol 1691 5.4 γ-Muurolene 1515 0.2 Cubenol 1695 1.1 Germacrene D 1523 13.2 α-Muurolol 1704 2.6 epi-Cubebol 1537 1.1 Guai-3,10(14)-dien-11-ol 1720 5.8 α-Zingiberene 1544 1.2 5-neo-Cedranol 1724 1.9 Cubebol 1559 0.2 Benzyl benzoate 1795 0.6 δ-Cadinene 1571 0.3 Monoterpene hydrocarbon 4.0 β-Sesquiphellandrene 1573 1.2 Oxygenated monoterpenes 6.3 Cadina-1,4-diene 1580 0.3 Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons 45.8 α-Calacorene 1583 0.1 Oxygenated sesquiterpenes 25.8 ar-Turmerol 1619 0.2 Phenyl derivatives 16.9 Caryophyllene oxide 1625 0.5 Others Tr. Guaiol 1634 0.2 Total identified 98.8
RI: retention indices relative to C
Plant Material and Isolation Procedure. The aerial parts of B. oxyodonta were collected in February, 2014 from Belagavi (N 15.88668; E 74.52353), Karnataka, India at an elevation of approximately 800 m. The plant was identified at ICMR-National Institute of Traditional Medicine (NITM), Belagavi (voucher specimen No. RMRC-1306). The fresh aerial parts were subjected to hydrodistillation using a Clevenger type apparatus for 3 h. The oil was trapped by adding n-hexane and dried over anhydrous Na
Analysis and Identification of the Oil Components. The oil was analyzed using a Varian 450 (TG-5, 30 m × 0.25 mm i.d., 0.25 μm film thickness) gas chromatograph under the experimental conditions reported earlier [[
Published in Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, March-April, 2018, pp. 319-320.
The author is grateful to the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), New Delhi, India for providing the necessary facilities and thankful to Mahesh B. Wagharwadi, Multi Tasking Staff (MTS), Department of Phytochemistry, NITM, Belagavi for processing of the plant material and extraction of the oil.
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By R. K. Joshi