Constituent Composition of Essential Oil from the Aerial Part of Zeravschania regeliana

Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, May–June, 2021, pp. 494–495.

The constituent composition of essential oil from the aerial part of the rare species in the flora of Uzbekistan Zeravschania regeliana Korovin (Apiaceae) that has been written into the Red Book of the Republic of Uzbekistan is reported for the first time [1].

The present article continues a series of publications on the composition of essential oils from plants of various families in the flora of Uzbekistan [2–5].

Essential oil from the aerial part of Z. regeliana contained 27 identified constituents. Table 1 presents their identification and determined contents.

Table 1. Type Composition of Essential Oil from Zeravschania regeliana

*Values missing in database [6]; handbook data of one of the authors (IGZ) was used.

The present work featured GC-MS identification of the constituents using a column of standard nonpolar polydimethylsiloxane stationary phase SE-30 in combination with their quantitative determination using a capillary column with an analogous OV-101 stationary phase.

The major constituents of essential oil from the aerial part of Z. regeliana were linalool (30%), geraniol together with linalyl acetate (22.4%), terpinolene (10.3%), apiol (9.3%), and α- and γ-terpineols (8.9%) (Table 1).

The material for the analysis was collected in the south of Uzbekistan (Baisuntau, Pamir-Alai). Herbarium specimens are preserved in the herbarium of the Department of Botany, Faculty of Nature and Geography, Termez State University (private collection of Kh. K. Dzhumaev). Essential oil was obtained by steam distillation in a Ginzberg apparatus from freshly collected raw material (aerial part) during flowering. The yield was 0.6–0.7%.

The composition and content of constituents in the studied samples were determined using GC and GC-MS analyses as before [2, 3]. Constituents were identified from mass spectra and retention index (RI) values using a database [6]. Mass spectra were recorded using an LKB 2091 GC-MS (Sweden) with a packed glass column [1.8 m × 2 mm, 3% polydimethylsiloxane elastomer SE-30 on Chromosorb W (80–100 mesh)] and temperature programmed from 50 to 200°C at 5°C/min. The vaporizer temperature was 200°C; separator, 220°C; ion source, 250°C. The carrier gas (He) flow rate was 25 mL/min. Mass-spectrometric identification used a database [6]. Quantitative analysis of the essential oil used a Biokhrom-1 chromatograph with a flame-ionization detector, a glass capillary column (50 m × 0.25 mm with polydimethylsiloxane stationary phase OV-101, film thickness 0.25 mm), and temperature programmed from 50 to 200°C at 5°C/min. The vaporizer temperature was 200°C; detector, 220°C. The carrier gas (He) flow rate was 18 cm/s. The sample volume was 0.5 μL. The flow division of carrier gas was 1:15 for sample injection. RI values of samples were determined by adding a mixture of reference C6–C18n-alkanes. Linear-logarithmic indices were calculated using the QBasic program.

The presence in the essential oil from the aerial part of Z. regeliana of limonene, terpinolene, linalool, geraniol, and apiol, compounds with abiotic activity [7], suggested that it had antimicrobial, antifungal, and antiviral activity [8–12].