'To be or not to be?' Prospects and possibilities of CNP application as a signal indicator of structural and functional changes of the myocardium in essential hypertension and chronic heart failure

Annotation. In recent decades, the number of studies on the role of known and new biomarkers in the diagnosis of cardiovascular problems, among which your place is in the family of natriuretic peptides, has been growing for a long time. However, one of its representatives, vascular natriuretic peptide (CNP), has been restored, and the question of determining its final role still remains open. The aim of the study was to supplement the data on the possibility of using CNP as a biomarker of structural and functional changes in the myocardium in uncomplicated and complicated essential hypertension (EH) in postmenopausal women with polymorphic variants of the BNP gene. We examined 180 women aged 40-65 living in the Podillia region of Ukraine: 62 women with uncomplicated EH with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), 51 women with EH complicated by chronic heart failure (CHF), and 67 women without symptoms cardiovascular pathology, which formed the control group. All patients underwent a standardized general clinical, instrumental and laboratory examination. Genotyping of the BNP gene was performed by polymerase chain reaction. Plasma concentrations of natriuretic peptide were determined by plate solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Mathematical processing was performed using the standard statistical package Statistica 10.0, using parametric and nonparametric statistical methods. The frequency of distribution of polymorphic gene variants in the population was checked according to the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. It was found that among the polymorphic variants of the BNP gene in women aged 40-65 years, the frequency of carriers of the T381C genotype and C allele significantly prevails, while inheriting a certain type of polymorphic variant of the BNP gene does not affect the concentration of CNP in blood plasma in all examined groups. Significantly the highest level of plasma concentration of CNP, which was 6.63±0.13 pmol/ml, was determined in members of the group with EH complicated by CHF. In groups of women with both uncomplicated EH and EH complicated by CHF, BMI is inversely correlated with plasma CNP levels.