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Physical exercise is essential for increasing ventricular contractility in hypertensive rats treated with losartan.

Aguilar, BA ; Vieira, S ; et al.
In: Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, Jg. 47 (2024-05-01), Heft 5, S. 1350-1361
academicJournal

The treatment of hypertensive patients with losartan is very common. Despite the reduction in blood pressure, its effects on cardiac contractility and sympathetic autonomic drive are still controversial. In turn, aerobic physical training (APT) also presents an important therapeutic option, providing significant improvements in cardiovascular autonomic control, however little is known about its effects on cardiac contractility, especially when associated with losartan. Therefore, we investigated in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) the effects of losartan and APT on cardiac hemodynamics and functionality, with emphasis on autonomic tonic balance and cardiac contractility. Sixty-four SHR (18 weeks old) were divided into four groups (N = 16): vehicle; vehicle submitted to APT through swimming for 12 weeks; treated with losartan (5 mg·kg -1 ·d - 1 ) for 12 weeks; and treated with losartan associated with APT. The groups were submitted to cardiac morphological and functional analysis by echocardiography; double blockade of cardiac autonomic receptors with atropine and propranolol; and coronary bed reactivity and left ventricular contractility analyses by the Langendorff technique. APT improved functional parameters and autonomic balance by reducing sympathetic drive and/or increasing vagal drive. In contrast, it promoted a concentric remodeling of the left ventricle (LV). Treatment with losartan reduced sympathetic autonomic drive and cardiac morphological parameters, but there were no significant gains in cardiac functionality and contractility. When combined, the concentric remodeling of the LV to APT was abolished and gains in cardiac functionality and contractility were observed. Our findings suggest that the effects of losartan and APT are complementary and should be applied together in the treatment of hypertension. In spontaneously hypertensive rats, the combination of aerobic physical training with losartan treatment was crucial to greater blood pressure reductions and an increase in left ventricular contractility. Furthermore, losartan treatment prevented the concentric left ventricular remodeling caused by aerobic physical training.

(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Japanese Society of Hypertension.)

Titel:
Physical exercise is essential for increasing ventricular contractility in hypertensive rats treated with losartan.
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person: Aguilar, BA ; Vieira, S ; Veiga, AC ; da Silva JVMB ; Paixao, TV ; Rodrigues, KP ; Tank, J ; Ruys, LA ; de Souza HCD
Zeitschrift: Hypertension research : official journal of the Japanese Society of Hypertension, Jg. 47 (2024-05-01), Heft 5, S. 1350-1361
Veröffentlichung: 2009- : London : Nature Publishing Group ; <i>Original Publication</i>: Toyonaka, Japan : The Society, c1992-2003, 2024
Medientyp: academicJournal
ISSN: 1348-4214 (electronic)
DOI: 10.1038/s41440-024-01611-z
Schlagwort:
  • Animals
  • Male
  • Rats
  • Blood Pressure drug effects
  • Losartan pharmacology
  • Losartan therapeutic use
  • Rats, Inbred SHR
  • Myocardial Contraction drug effects
  • Hypertension drug therapy
  • Hypertension physiopathology
  • Physical Conditioning, Animal physiology
  • Antihypertensive Agents pharmacology
  • Antihypertensive Agents therapeutic use
Sonstiges:
  • Nachgewiesen in: MEDLINE
  • Sprachen: English
  • Publication Type: Journal Article
  • Language: English
  • [Hypertens Res] 2024 May; Vol. 47 (5), pp. 1350-1361. <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2024 Feb 28.
  • MeSH Terms: Losartan* / pharmacology ; Losartan* / therapeutic use ; Rats, Inbred SHR* ; Myocardial Contraction* / drug effects ; Hypertension* / drug therapy ; Hypertension* / physiopathology ; Physical Conditioning, Animal* / physiology ; Antihypertensive Agents* / pharmacology ; Antihypertensive Agents* / therapeutic use ; Animals ; Male ; Rats ; Blood Pressure / drug effects
  • Comments: Comment in: Hypertens Res. 2024 May 15;:. (PMID: 38750223)
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  • Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Aerobic physical training; Hypertension; Losartan; Sympathetic drive; Ventricular contractility
  • Substance Nomenclature: JMS50MPO89 (Losartan) ; 0 (Antihypertensive Agents)
  • Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20240228 Date Completed: 20240506 Latest Revision: 20240515
  • Update Code: 20240516

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