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Proven roles for hemocytes (blood cells) have expanded beyond the control of infections in Drosophila. Despite this, the crucial role of hemocytes in post-embryonic development has long thought to be limited to control of microorganisms during metamorphosis. This has previously been shown by rescue of adult development in hemocyte-ablation models under germ-free conditions. Here, we show that hemocytes have an essential role in post-embryonic development beyond their ability to control the microbiota. Using a newly generated strong hemocyte-specific driver line for the GAL4/UAS system, we show that specific ablation of hemocytes is early pupal lethal, even under axenic conditions. Genetic rescue experiments prove that this is a hemocyte-specific phenomenon. RNA-seq data suggests that dysregulation of the midgut is a prominent consequence of hemocyte ablation in larval stages, resulting in reduced gut lengths. Dissection suggests that multiple processes may be affected during metamorphosis. We believe this previously unreported role for hemocytes during metamorphosis is a major finding for the field.

Competing Interests: Competing interests The authors declare no competing or financial interests.

Titel:	Hemocytes are essential for Drosophila melanogaster post-embryonic development, independent of control of the microbiota.
Autor/in / Beteiligte Person:	Stephenson, HN ; Streeck, R ; Grüblinger, F ; Goosmann, C ; Herzig, A
Zeitschrift:	Development (Cambridge, England), Jg. 149 (2022-09-15), Heft 18
Veröffentlichung:	Cambridge Eng : Company Of Biologists Limited ; <i>Original Publication</i>: [Cambridge] : Company of Biologists, [c1987-, 2022
Medientyp:	academicJournal
ISSN:	1477-9129 (electronic)
DOI:	10.1242/dev.200286
Schlagwort:	Animals Drosophila Drosophila melanogaster genetics Embryonic Development Hemocytes Larva Drosophila Proteins genetics Microbiota
Sonstiges:	Nachgewiesen in: MEDLINE Sprachen: English Publication Type: Journal Article; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Language: English [Development] 2022 Sep 15; Vol. 149 (18). <i>Date of Electronic Publication: </i>2022 Sep 29. MeSH Terms: Drosophila Proteins* / genetics ; Microbiota* ; Animals ; Drosophila ; Drosophila melanogaster / genetics ; Embryonic Development ; Hemocytes ; Larva References: Dev Biol. 2005 Mar 1;279(1):233-43. (PMID: 15708571) ; Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2003 Mar 4;100(5):2622-7. (PMID: 12598653) ; BMC Bioinformatics. 2009 Feb 03;10:48. (PMID: 19192299) ; EMBO J. 2020 Jun 17;39(12):e104486. (PMID: 32162708) ; Curr Biol. 2007 Apr 3;17(7):649-54. (PMID: 17363253) ; Genome Biol. 2014;15(12):550. (PMID: 25516281) ; Elife. 2021 Apr 22;10:. (PMID: 33885361) ; Development. 2005 Jun;132(11):2521-33. (PMID: 15857916) ; J Cell Sci. 2009 Dec 15;122(Pt 24):4505-15. (PMID: 19934223) ; EMBO Rep. 2011 Dec 23;13(1):83-9. (PMID: 22134547) ; PLoS Pathog. 2014 May 01;10(5):e1004067. (PMID: 24788090) ; PLoS One. 2011 Mar 03;6(3):e14743. (PMID: 21390224) ; Nucleic Acids Res. 2013 May 1;41(10):e108. (PMID: 23558742) ; Acta Biol Hung. 2007;58 Suppl:95-111. (PMID: 18297797) ; Dev Cell. 2004 Jul;7(1):73-84. (PMID: 15239955) ; J Embryol Exp Morphol. 1981 Dec;66:57-80. (PMID: 6802923) ; Elife. 2020 May 12;9:. (PMID: 32396065) ; Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Jun 16;106(24):9797-802. (PMID: 19482944) ; Nat Cell Biol. 2015 Jun;17(6):736-48. (PMID: 26005834) ; Elife. 2015 Feb 04;4:. (PMID: 25650737) ; PLoS One. 2015 Aug 31;10(8):e0136593. (PMID: 26322507) ; Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Mar 11;9:630272. (PMID: 33777939) ; Bioinformatics. 2016 Oct 1;32(19):3047-8. (PMID: 27312411) ; Bioinformatics. 2010 Jan 1;26(1):139-40. (PMID: 19910308) ; G3 (Bethesda). 2018 Mar 2;8(3):845-857. (PMID: 29321168) ; Science. 2021 Jul 2;373(6550):. (PMID: 34210853) ; Bioinformatics. 2013 Jan 1;29(1):15-21. (PMID: 23104886) ; Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D754-D761. (PMID: 29155950) ; Nucleic Acids Res. 2018 Jan 4;46(D1):D809-D815. (PMID: 29069479) ; Nat Protoc. 2020 Mar;15(3):1158-1187. (PMID: 32042177) ; Curr Biol. 2017 Nov 20;27(22):3526-3534.e4. (PMID: 29129537) ; Bioinformatics. 2021 May 22;:. (PMID: 34021744) ; Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1998 Nov 24;95(24):14337-42. (PMID: 9826701) ; EMBO Rep. 2010 Oct;11(10):772-6. (PMID: 20814422) ; J Innate Immun. 2009;1(4):322-34. (PMID: 20375589) ; Gene Expr Patterns. 2008 Feb;8(3):199-205. (PMID: 18060846) ; Oncogene. 2004 Dec 2;23(56):9120-8. (PMID: 15480416) ; Development. 1994 Jul;120(7):1829-37. (PMID: 7924990) Contributed Indexing: Keywords: Drosophila; Hemocytes; Metamorphosis; Pupal lethal Substance Nomenclature: 0 (Drosophila Proteins) Entry Date(s): Date Created: 20220912 Date Completed: 20220930 Latest Revision: 20221217 Update Code: 20240513 PubMed Central ID: PMC9641648

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Hemocytes are essential for Drosophila melanogaster post-embryonic development, independent of control of the microbiota.